United States v. Jones Free Essay Example, 1000 words

The  second trial, found  Jones guilty of the charges from a hung jury that led the hearing of the second trial case. The decision from the second trial case was rejected and later reversed, which stated that admission of evidence used by the second trial court was obtained by warrantless use of a GPS device, and, therefore, was violating the fourth amendment to United States constitution (Clancy, 15). Ideally, for a court to make a justifiable ruling, a number of statement issues need consideration. In the United States versus Jones case, the D. C. Circuit Court had various aspects to consider in making its decision. First, was to determine whether the attachment of the GPS device on the car Jones drove and use it to monitor the movements on public areas constituted a search or seizure as indicated in the fourth amendment of the constitution. Secondly, was to determine whether the warrant issued at the onset of the investigations was followed as per the requirements in it. Based on the above aspects, the D. C. Circuit Court would then make a decision and later a ruling. We will write a custom essay sample on United States v. Jones or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Based on the issues presented above, it was the holding of the court that indeed, it was affirmed that there had been a breach in the fourth amendment in the constitution. In making such a holding, the court ruled that the placement of the government’s GPs device on Jones’ car constituted to elements of ‘search, ’ which ideally contradict the requirements of the fourth amendment of the constitution (Clancy, 26). Considering the viewpoint of the court on the holding of the case, the court used a particular rationale, in ensuring that the ruling made was legally applicable and that such reasoning was justifiable and accurate. The rational of the reasoning was that the placing of a GPS device on Jones’ car by the government, which is considered a personal effect, would be clearly classified as a search under the fourth amendment of the constitution. Such a consideration of the court was made based on the aspect that since its history, the fourth amend ment was concerned with the government’s trespass on private effects of its citizens, mainly for the purposes of acquiring information or certain assets (Taslitz 116). The placing of the GPS on Jones’ car violated the fourth amendment of US constitution as such was done without a warrant considering that the warrant previously issued had a ten-day deadline that was not adhered to. Additionally, the use of a GPS device was only warranted within D. C.

What Makes A Good Person Essay - 2229 Words

If you asked a random person on the street â€Å"what is a good person?† or â€Å"what is the good life?† you would likely receive a different answer from everyone. These answers would be different because everyone has their own ideas and opinions of what the answers should be. For many, a good person is someone who lives a good life, is a Christian, or someone who helps other individuals. For some, a good person might be someone who puts others first and someone who is reliable. The same applies to the answers you would receive from â€Å"what is the good life?† Just like everyone had different opinions on what a good person is, they will also have different opinions on what the good life is. You might get answers ranging from spending time with one’s family to having a lot of money. These answers vary depending on the individuals values and world view. For some individuals this desire for money can cause them to act on it, driving them to steal in order to gain happiness. Bronk supports this idea by stating, â€Å"Our answers guide our actions, influence our decisions, and inspire our dreams† (2008, p.713). This paper will discuss how philosophers believe everyone should live and what kind of people we should be, what a good person is, what the good life is, and what the relationship between goodness and human reality is. How Ought We to Live and What Kind of People Should We Be? Individuals have different opinions on how people should live and what kind of person they should be. This isShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes A Good Person?933 Words   |  4 Pagesis ethically wrong is because it makes you a bad person. When confronted about cheating or considering cheating you would judge not by the consequences of it but by the morality of the act itself. You would be judged and questioned about your moral character. Moral character is the person you think you are and the person you’re aspired to be. This is the main element of virtue ethics. Virtue ethics focuses on specific qualities that make a good person. Also, what thrives and contributed to leadRead MoreWhat Makes A Person Good Or Evil?871 Words   |  4 PagesWhat makes a person good or evil? Why are some people labeled as good and some evil? Why do some people have traits or characteristics of both good and evil? Are people truly evil or do they just make bad choices? Throughout our lives we are faced with making decisions about our lives and often the choices we make can determine the path we follow. Depending on our life choices we can be labeled as either good or evil. Good and evil are relative; one person can be good while another evil. Read MoreWhat Makes The Best Type Of Person Is The Most Honest And Good?1358 Words   |  6 Pagescivilization. Civilizations of which, have been built around justice. The best type of person is an admirable one. The capability to learn lessons and gain mental and physical strength while undergoing a hardship is wha t it means to be admirable. An admirable person is able to act with justice because they have gone through hardships and have evolved their character to be self-aware Gilgamesh is the most honest and good because he comes to recognize himself, who he was, and who he wishes to be. As aRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film Nightcrawler 947 Words   |  4 PagesThere are always two sides to every coin. For example, without evil, there can be no good. Is being a good person all about the things one does or is it about the reason one does the things they do? There s good and bad in everyone. Humanity isn t perfect, and our lives are so complex. In the film titled Nightcrawler, Louis Bloom shows viewers first-hand what it is like to be a journalist in the fast pace city of Los Angeles. Throughout the film, Louis attempts to manipulate the other charactersRead MoreHow Does Society Define A Good Life? Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesTo have a good life, one must aspire to obtain one. Many people aspire to lead a good life but they nearly never truly obtain one. Life has obstacles, which makes it difficult for a person to lead a good life. Living a good life wo uld be, being able to sustain oneself as well as one’s family members with little to no struggle. Equally important, a person should be happy while leading this so called, â€Å"Good Life.† â€Å"The unexamined life is not worth living.† (Plato.) Knowing what makes you happy andRead MoreAn Argument On Virtue Ethics Essay1140 Words   |  5 Pagesrespond to this objection that moral philosophy is sufficient for a virtuous person to make a decision in any given circumstances because it guides the person to be certain not in making the correct decision but in having virtuous intention. A person’s virtuous intention is based not by what end it reaches. It is by what action is made. Hursthouse might argue in our given example that the surgeon’s action is certain because he makes a decision with the intention to save a life of a patient instead of losingRead MoreWilliam Goldings Lord of the Flies Essay872 Words   |  4 Pagesthat either make them good or bad; the question is which genes do you have? In Lord of the Flies by William Golding these kids start to thrive on their bad genes because their surroundings are playing a part of how they act. When the boys started to hunt they would like to kill pigs for fun. At one point they thought of it like a sport. Jack one the characters in the book would make fun of piggy for being fat and wearing glasses. This is due because jack has certain genes that already make him not likeRead MoreEthical Virtue Is A State Of The Soul1242 Words   |  5 Pagesintelligent person would define it.’ (NEâ… ¡.6) But, this definition itself is complex. Then, in this paper, I will explain what he means by this and evaluate this definition. First, Aristotle claims virtue should be a state that makes a human good and makes him function well. In Nicomachean Ethicsâ… ¡.5, he concluded that ethical virtue is a state of the soul. On the basis of this conclusion, he starts to discuss what kind of state is ethical virtue. Then, as a premise, he defines every virtue should make itsRead MoreHuman Nature : What Makes A Human Person?1511 Words   |  7 Pagesessence of what makes a human person what they are, is something that everybody has. Every person is innately a person, but how they put their personhood into action is the biggest indicator of their character, or the projection of a person’s human nature. At their core there is human nature, but their actions are what direct this source of humanity. The quality of someone’s actions is shaped by their environment and sometimes their biological makeup as well. Human nature does not have good or evilRead MoreWhat makes good people do bad things?1300 Words   |  6 PagesWhat makes good people do bad things? There are different types of people in the world, as they all have different behavior, personality, and culture. Everyone has a different view of what makes good people do bad things. It is amazing how such calm and nice people turn into such a bad people. There must be a psychology reason in order for them to turn like this. There are some factors I would like to know and also discuss of why people behave this way. Therefore, a person with different behavior

Frankenstein-Sympathy for Victor or the Monster Free Essays

At the beginning of the novel, Frankenstein retells his story of how his experiment backfired and how the Monster is evil because it killed many people that were dear to Victor. At this point, the reader begins to sympathise with Victor entirely for two reasons, which consist of the monster’s brutality towards members of Victor’s family and for ruining all of Victor’s hopes and aspirations.Victor tells Walton how his creation was meant to be ‘beautiful’ but explains how his enthusiasm for his project was dashed when creation and creator first came face to face, or as put by Victor, â€Å"the beauty of the dream vanished and disgust filled my heart. We will write a custom essay sample on Frankenstein-Sympathy for Victor or the Monster or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Victor describes his creation as a monster or machine rather than a human which it was designed to be using a powerful adjective in the shape of â€Å"convulsive,† used to describe the creature’s movements. Shelley also uses the description of the monster to emphasise the effect that the monster’s horrific appearance had on Frankenstein.By the end of chapter 5, where the monster comes to life, the reader’s sympathy for Victor is even stronger than before because Frankenstein is portrayed to be weak due to all the effort he has put into his experiment and the disappointment he feels at the end. He exclaims, â€Å"for this I had deprived myself of rest and health! † However, the disgust felt by Victor towards the monster also means an increase in sympathy for the monster. In Chapter 10, the monster enlightens Frankenstein of how he felt neglected and unwanted by Victor just because of his appearance.Mary Shelley attempts to teach the reader not to judge a book by its cover, as Frankenstein did to the monster. This pity rises yet further when the monster relates how he tried to help people, tried to be kind, tried to be normal, but his kindness was not recognised and when people met him, they would attack him in fear or would run away when they saw his hideous appearance. Whenever the monster tried to commit a good deed, it was thrown back into his face in such a way that the monster became bitter. â€Å"Believe me Frankenstein: I was benevolent; my soul glowed with love and humanity†¦. you, my creator, abhorred me†¦. hall I not then hate them who abhor me? † Therefore, the impact on the readers is that they now have sympathy for the monster because he has explained his side of the story and this is a different picture to Victor’s. In chapters 11 and 12 the monster is portrayed as child-like and innocent. He doesn’t know how to read or write and before he sees himself for the first time in the reflection of the water, he did not even know what he looked like. â€Å"But how was I terrified when I viewed myself in a transparent pool!.. I was filled with the bitterest sensations of despondence and mortification. Seeing his hideous appearance, he knows why people looked at him with so much contempt. Upon seeing his reflection in the water he knows why people attack him or flee from him. Words like ‘despondence’ and ‘mortification’ stress the suffering of the monster. He is portrayed to be vulnerable as he is abandoned by his creator. Just as babies are dependent on their parents, the monster requires Frankenstein’s guidance but does not receive any, again getting sympathy from the reader. In chapter 15 there are two turning points where the monster’s attitude towards mankind changes.The first of these turning points is upon finding Victor’s journal of his first impressions of his creation. This leaves the monster with many unanswered questions including why he disgusted his creator. The second turning point is when the monster is talking to the old man and Felix assumes wrongly that the monster is trying to harm him. This is a turning point in the novel since the monster realises that his appearance will always let him down, despite his good intentions. When he realises the De Laceys have fled because of him, he shows his frustration and anger by setting the cottage alight.Regardless of the fact that what the monster did was wrong, this time the reader can see that what he did was justified because the reasons were outlined by the monster, in his own point of view. When Victor is told by the monster to create him a mate, Victor agrees because he is blackmailed into doing so and fears for the wellbeing of his family. The reader is encouraged at this point to understand the monster’s loneliness and need for love. He wants somebody to respect him for what he is; someone who will not reject him. He seems peaceful and the reader takes his side for the time being.However, the reader also realises that he will go through extreme measures to get his companion by telling Frankenstein: . â€Å".. if I cannot inspire love, I will cause fear; I will work at your destruction. † This makes the creature seem manipulative, controlling and above all, evil. Even after the monster has killed Elizabeth, the reader still feels sympathetic to the monster since Victor didn’t create him a companion, which the monster was perfectly justified to ask for, bearing in mind that Victor had neglected him. Although he could have dealt with it in different way, the monster receives more sympathy due to his human emotions and his want for love and a companion. On the other hand, Victor seems to be in the wrong. In conclusion, the author changes the reader’s views of the monster and Victor Frankenstein in various ways. First she tells the story from Victor Frankenstein’s point of view, explaining how his family was destroyed by the monster and all the other evil things that he did. This was followed by seeing things from the monster’s perspective in order for the monster to get sympathy. This involves the reader learning of how he was rejected and neglected and how he helped people but didn’t get anything in return, except for yet more rejection. The reader’s sympathy is also with the monster because he is innocent; he had to suffer as a result of Victor Frankenstein’s fatal ambition and when the reckless experiment failed, Frankenstein failed to take responsibility for his actions. All in all, the reader is led to sympathise equally with the monster and with Frankenstein. How to cite Frankenstein-Sympathy for Victor or the Monster, Papers

New Product Management

Question: Discuss about the New Product Management. Answer: Brief description about the organization: Increasing complexity of the business environment and changing preferences of the customers has induced organizations to look for developing new products. It has been evaluated that proper introduction of new products can actually provide new dimension through which businesses is conducted in the market. New product development not only allows organizations to retain existing customers for long time but also help to capture new customers as well. However, development of new product requires relatively higher investment from the organizations that increases the risk level associated with the business as well. In this report, the focus would be on the new product development process of Natural Fruits Drinks Pte Ltd (NFD). The focus organization was established in 1988, with the objective of providing superior quality of drinks in Singapore market (drinkeveryday.com 2017). Over the years, it has focused on increasing the product diversification for grabbing the major share of the Singa pore market. The existing product range of NFD includes concentrated juices, cordials or syrup, soy powder and other type of fruit juices. NFD also provides white coffee is the Singapore market for enhancing the sales volume in a major way. In case of white coffee, NFD has transformed white coffee into three in one packaging for providing unique taste and preferences to the customers. Moreover, NFD has also tried to utilize innovative and aggressive marketing strategies for grabbing the major share of the market. The report will try to assess the best possible new products for the organizations for enhancing the sales volume even further. Justification of the selected potential market opportunity: As illustrated by Raassens, Wuyts and Geyskens (2012) it is important to examine the market potential in an in-depth manner for creating desired impact on the sales volume. It has been examined that proper understanding of market potential will allow organizations to select target market in an appropriate way. Now, NFD primarily serves different types of fruit and other drinks to the Singapore people. Therefore, most likely management of NFD has clear cut information about the taste and preference level of the organization. Over the past few years, the revenue generated from selling fruit drinks have increased in a significant manner for NFD. It has encouraged the organization to provide more diversification in the current product range for enhancing the sales volume in an effective manner (Poetz and Schreier 2012). The current market trend has highlighted the fact that people in Singapore are becoming very health conscious over the years. Therefore, it has increased the market for a ll health and fitness related products in Singapore. Thus, it is reflecting a greater share of the market for NFD to increase the sales volume in an appropriate way (Aarikka-Stenroos and Sandberg 2012). For that reason, NFD will have to focus on capitalizing the health awareness of the people to enhance the sales volume in an effective way. Moreover, NFD will also have to focus on establishing its presence in the countries like Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand market for increasing the sales revenue level in an effective way. As per the article by Yan and Dooley (2014) international business expansion is critical for achieving consistent growth in this competitive market. It has been assessed that international expansion will allow NFD to emerge as one of the most popular brands in providing fruit and other drink products. Hence, it will help to fulfill all the business objectives in an effective manner. Now, NFD has already established its presence in the Malaysia and Indonesia market. For that reason, it will not have to face too much difficulty at the time of introducing new products in these markets. NFD does not have presence in the Thailand market as of now but continues economic growth and per capita income has induced NFD to create strategy for grabbing major share of the Thailand market (Acur, Kandemir and Boer 2012). It has highlighted the fact that NFD has focused on capturing major share of both national and international market for enhance the sales volume in an effective manner. Two new product concepts and the process through which it connected to the selected potential market opportunity: In order to expand in Singapore and International market, NFD is looking to provide more innovative product to the market. Now, it has been examined that people in all across the globe are becoming more health conscious (Chen, Reilly and Lynn 2012). Therefore, majority of the people are spending comparatively larger amount to keep fitness at the desired level. People are also engaging themselves in yoga, cardio and other activities. For that reason, it will be wise for NFD to capitalize this increasing awareness of the people for the business expansion perspective. Therefore, it will wiser for NFD to launch health drink segment for providing extra benefit to the people in keeping their health at the optimum level. As per the article by Haeussler, Patzelt and Zahra (2012) health drinks can be extremely helpful for the people to keep their health at the desired level. Now, health drink is obviously not in the similar segment products that NFD is used to sell in the market. For that rea son, it will have to conduct in-depth market research for covering all aspect of the market in an appropriate manner. In order to enter into the health drink sector, it will be wiser for NFD to target a greater potential market for maximizing the sales volume effectively. Thus, NFD will have to target people from all age and income group in order ensure maximum revenue from the market. Moreover, it will also have to assess the needs and wants of the people living in Thailand and Malaysia for keeping the health at the optimum order (Smals and Smits 2012). For that reason, NFD is looking to develop health drink with chocolate flavor so that it can attract kids and teenagers as well. Thus, chocolate flavored health drink product actually has the potential to grab major share of the market. Moreover, it has been assessed that around 33% of the total population in selected three countries is less than 35 years of age (Thrassou et al. 2012). Thus, it will allow NFD to target larger potential market in an effective manner. On the other hand, extending the fruit juice range even further is also another probable option for NFD for creating desired level of impact in domestic and international market. Therefore, it can look to introduce mix-flavored fruit juice, as it will allow customers to taste something new. Yang (2012) has illustrated the fact that effective use of new and innovative products can allow organizations to enhance the sales volume in a major way. For that reason, it will be wise for NFD to introduce fruit juice with mix flavor including pineapple, grapes and watermelon for fulfilling all the business goals and objectives in an appropriate manner. It can be expected that increasing awareness and knowledge of the people will allow the understanding the significance of consuming fruits on regular basis. However, heavy work schedule and other complexities often does not allow people living in Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia market to consume required amount of fruits on regular basis (Thoma s 2013). Therefore, mixed flavor fruit juice can provide opportunity to the people in fulfilling all the requirements in an appropriate manner. Now, mixed flavored fruit juice is the conventional expansion of the product for NFD. Therefore, it is expected that management of NFD will posses clear idea about the kind of impact it can create on the market. For that reason, it will allow NFD to initiate effective marketing and promotional strategies for grabbing the major section of the targeted market. Increasing product diversity in the fruit juice department will also reduce the risk level associated with the organization in an effective manner (Felekoglu and Moultrie 2014). It will eventually help NFD to achieve sustainable growth in the potential targeted market. Thus, both the new product has the potential to create positive impact on the business level of the organization. Evaluation of two new product concepts and selection of one concept for the next stage: As per the article by Filieri (2013) organizations need to go through systematic procedure for identifying the best new product for maximizing the profit level in a major way. Firstly, NFD will have to focus on conducting market survey in Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia market to understand the kind of taste and preferences people are looking to avail. In this survey process, NFD will have to understand the excitement level of customers from different income and age group. As mentioned earlier, NFD is looking to initiate chocolate flavor health drink for inducing people from all age group to consume the product. Therefore, it will also have to collect responses from all age group regarding the perception about new product. It is expected that chocolate flavor will increase the popularity of the health drink among the children in the targeted market (Cankurtaran, Langerak and Griffin 2013). Therefore, it will help to increase the revenue level in a major way. On the other hand, intro duction of mixed flavor fruit juice will only allow targeting current customers of the organization. For that reason, introduction of fruit juice is not likely to increase the potential market share of the organization. From this perspective, it can be mentioned that introduction of chocolate flavor health drink will allow to increase the market share of the organization in a major way. However, in order to introduce chocolate flavor health drink successfully in the targeted market, NFD will have to invest massive amount for fulfilling all the responsibilities in an effective manner. For instance, NFD will have to invest good amount on RD or new product development department for fulfilling the needs and wants of the customers. Moreover, introduction of chocolate flavored health drink product will also induce NFD to distinct marketing strategies for positioning the brand uniquely in the targeted market. For instance, it will have to focus on utilizing all popular marketing tools like social media, website, newspaper, magazine, television, radio and direct marketing activities for providing required information to the potential targeted customers (Song, Ming and Xu 2013). Hence, NFD will also have to invest massive amount on the marketing and promotional activities for creating awareness among the potential customers, which will increase the overall cost related to t he operational process in a major way. Thus, it will have to take greater risks from the market at the time of introducing chocolate flavored health drink (Jrgens 2013). On the other hand, introduction of mixed flavored fruit juice will not require aggressive marketing strategies to reposition the brand in the targeted market. Therefore, introduction of mix flavored fruit juice will minimize the risk level associated with the business in an effective manner. Still, NFD will look to introduce chocolate flavored health drink, as it can allow the organization to penetrate in the untouched market (Drechsler, Natter and Leeflang 2013). Thus, it will provide higher business opportunity for the organization, which is among the prime goal of the NFD. Moreover, NFD will also look to introduce chocolate flavor health drink, as it is a relatively new concept in the market. For that reason, NFD will not have to face too much competition from the many competitors at the time of establishing business in the targeted market. As emphasized by the Patanakul, Chen and Lynn (2012) introducing product in the intense competitive market is much tougher compared to introducing product in relatively less competitive market. Therefore, it will allow NFD to handle initial fluctuations in an effective manner. It will also help to develop strong brand name that will help to counter different types of future challenges associated with introduction of new products in domestic and international market in an appropriate manner. Recommendations: The above illustration has highlighted the fact that both the new product has the potential to create positive impact on the business level of NFD. Still, NFD will have to choose chocolate flavor health drink, as it will allow organization to target complete new set of customers. However, in order to maximize the utility of new product, NFD will have to follow the following recommended strategies: Proper understanding of the customer needs in different countries: As NFD is looking to introduce chocolate flavor health drink in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia market, it is recommended to identify all the differences in taste and preference level in a major way. For that reason, NFD will have to focus on assessing cultural, behavioral and ethical background of the people living in the mentioned countries. It has been assessed that people living different cultural and geographical background often depict differences in the taste and preferences level. Therefore, NFD will also have to focus on understanding the cultural and ethical differences in a comprehensive manner. Identification of any political or legislative challenges at the time of introducing new product in the international market: As described by Coenen and Kok (2014) proper understanding of political and legislative challenges is critical at the time of introducing new product in the domestic and international market. For that reason, NFD will also have to focus on assessing the kind of rules and regulations initiated by the government of the focus countries, as it can create massive impact on the overall profit level of the organization. It is also recommended for NFD to identify the restricted drug list in the country, as it might be required for the development of health drink product. Proper assessment of the competitor strategy: As mentioned earlier, chocolate flavored health drink is still a relatively new product concept. For that reason, NFD does not have to face too much competition at the time of introducing product. Still. Proper analysis of all the potential competitors is recommended, as it will help to avoid any type of future obstacles in a comprehensive manner. Thus, NFD will have to focus on assessing the quality of the competitors products as well as initiated marketing strategy for developing counter strategies in an effective manner. Conclusion: The above evaluation has highlighted the fact that new product development is absolute key for achieving success in the market. New product development not only increases the sales volume but also allow reaching to new customer segment. Therefore, it can help businesses to achieve sustainable growth in the competitive market. The above analysis has highlighted the fact that NFD has two new product development options. However, it has selected chocolate flavored health drink, as it has the potential to create maximum impact in the market. The study has also highlighted the significance of targeting both domestic and international market at the same time for enhancing the sales volume in an effective manner. However, new product introduction come up with different challenges that organization will have to deal with in an effective way. Otherwise, the prime objective of introducing new product will not be fulfilled. To conclude, it can be mentioned that NFD has able to cover the entire bases related to new product introduction, which is likely to fulfill all the business objectives. References: Aarikka-Stenroos, L. and Sandberg, B., 2012. From new-product development to commercialization through networks.Journal of Business Research,65(2), pp.198-206. Acur, N., Kandemir, D. and Boer, H., 2012. Strategic alignment and new product development: Drivers and performance effects.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(2), pp.304-318. Cankurtaran, P., Langerak, F. and Griffin, A., 2013. Consequences of New Product Development Speed: A Meta?Analysis.Journal of Product Innovation Management,30(3), pp.465-486. Chen, J., Reilly, R.R. and Lynn, G.S., 2012. New product development speed: too much of a good thing?.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(2), pp.288-303. Coenen, M. and Kok, R.A., 2014. Workplace flexibility and new product development performance: The role of telework and flexible work schedules.European Management Journal,32(4), pp.564-576. Drechsler, W., Natter, M. and Leeflang, P.S., 2013. Improving marketing's contribution to new product development.Journal of Product Innovation Management,30(2), pp.298-315. drinkeveryday.com, 2017.EveryDay Drink. [online] Drinkeveryday.com. Available at: https://www.drinkeveryday.com [Accessed 12 Apr. 2017]. Felekoglu, B. and Moultrie, J., 2014. Top management involvement in new product development: A review and synthesis.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(1), pp.159-175. Filieri, R., 2013. Consumer co-creation and new product development: a case study in the food industry.Marketing Intelligence Planning,31(1), pp.40-53. Haeussler, C., Patzelt, H. and Zahra, S.A., 2012. Strategic alliances and product development in high technology new firms: The moderating effect of technological capabilities.Journal of Business Venturing,27(2), pp.217-233. Jrgens, U. ed., 2013.New product development and production networks: global industrial experience. Springer Science Business Media. Patanakul, P., Chen, J. and Lynn, G.S., 2012. Autonomous teams and new product development.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(5), pp.734-750. Poetz, M.K. and Schreier, M., 2012. The value of crowdsourcing: can users really compete with professionals in generating new product ideas?.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(2), pp.245-256. Raassens, N., Wuyts, S. and Geyskens, I., 2012. The market valuation of outsourcing new product development.Journal of Marketing Research,49(5), pp.682-695. Smals, R.G. and Smits, A.A., 2012. Value for valueThe dynamics of supplier value in collaborative new product development.Industrial Marketing Management,41(1), pp.156-165. Song, W., Ming, X. and Xu, Z., 2013. Risk evaluation of customer integration in new product development under uncertainty.Computers Industrial Engineering,65(3), pp.402-412. Thomas, E., 2013. Supplier integration in new product development: Computer mediated communication, knowledge exchange and buyer performance.Industrial Marketing Management,42(6), pp.890-899. Thrassou, A., Vrontis, D., Chebbi, H. and Yahiaoui, D., 2012. A preliminary strategic marketing framework for new product development.Journal of Transnational Management,17(1), pp.21-44. Yan, T. and Dooley, K., 2014. Buyersupplier collaboration quality in new product development projects.Journal of Supply Chain Management,50(2), pp.59-83. Yang, L.R., 2012. Implementation of project strategy to improve new product development performance.International Journal of Project Management,30(7), pp.760-770.